an excerpt from "To Hell With Culture" by Herbert Read, 1963

"The health and happiness of society depend on the labour and science of its members; but neither health nor happiness is possible unless that work and science are directed and controlled by the workers themselves.  A guild is by definition autonomous and self-governing.  Every man who is a master of his craft acquires thereby the right to a voice in the direction of his workshop.  He also acquires security of tenure and of income.  Indeed, his income and his tenure should depend on his qualifications rather than on the tally of his labours.  He should begin to receive an income from the moment he has chosen a calling and been admitted as an apprentice of a trade or profession - which will be long before he has left school.  His income will rise with his qualifications, and will depend entirely on his qualifications.  Any rational society will naturally make use of the services of a qualified worker, because it thereby increases the general well-being.  If it fails to do so, that society is restricting production; and if such restriction is in the general interest, then society should pay the worker for his qualifications until they can be used, or otherwise pay the worker to train and acquire more immediately useful qualifications.  The talents and acquired skill of a person are his property: his contribution to the common wealth.  Society should be organized to secure maximum utilization of its inherent wealth, and the productive organizations themselves will then decide how this common wealth is being increased - by machinery or handicraft, by large factories or small workshops, in towns or villages.  The human values invloved, and not an abstract and numerical profit, will be the criterion."